Pepperoncini hail from Europe, specifically Italy and Greece have deep ties to this chili.
They go by many names. The most common variation is peperoncini (one less p), but the Italians also call it friggitello or a common general pepper name: peperone (not to be confused with the sausage pepperoni).
In English, it’s often referred to as the Tuscan pepper, the golden Greek pepper, or the sweet Italian pepper.